File/Folder Handling in C#.net
Create, Copy, Move and Delete File/Folder in C#.net
Create File or Folder:
public class CreateFileOrFolder
{
static void Main()
{
// Specify a name for your top-level folder.
string folderName = @"c:\Top-Level Folder";
// To create a string that specifies the path to a subfolder under your
// top-level folder, add a name for the subfolder to folderName.
string pathString = System.IO.Path.Combine(folderName, "SubFolder");
// You can write out the path name directly instead of using the Combine
// method. Combine just makes the process easier.
string pathString2 = @"c:\Top-Level Folder\SubFolder2";
// You can extend the depth of your path if you want to.
//pathString = System.IO.Path.Combine(pathString, "SubSubFolder");
// Create the subfolder. You can verify in File Explorer that you have this
// structure in the C: drive.
// Local Disk (C:)
// Top-Level Folder
// SubFolder
System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(pathString);
// Create a file name for the file you want to create.
string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetRandomFileName();
// This example uses a random string for the name, but you also can specify
// a particular name.
//string fileName = "MyNewFile.txt";
// Use Combine again to add the file name to the path.
pathString = System.IO.Path.Combine(pathString, fileName);
// Verify the path that you have constructed.
Console.WriteLine("Path to my file: {0}\n", pathString);
// Check that the file doesn't already exist. If it doesn't exist, create
// the file and write integers 0 - 99 to it.
// DANGER: System.IO.File.Create will overwrite the file if it already exists.
// This could happen even with random file names, although it is unlikely.
if (!System.IO.File.Exists(pathString))
{
using (System.IO.FileStream fs = System.IO.File.Create(pathString))
{
for (byte i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
fs.WriteByte(i);
}
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("File \"{0}\" already exists.", fileName);
return;
}
// Read and display the data from your file.
try
{
byte[] readBuffer = System.IO.File.ReadAllBytes(pathString);
foreach (byte b in readBuffer)
{
Console.Write(b + " ");
}
Console.WriteLine();
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
// Keep the console window open in debug mode.
System.Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
System.Console.ReadKey();
}
// Sample output:
// Path to my file: c:\Top-Level Folder\SubFolder\ttxvauxe.vv0
//0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
//30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
// 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 8
//3 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
}
//////////////////////////////////////////
If the folder already exists, CreateDirectory does nothing, and no exception is thrown. However, File.Create replaces an existing file with a new file. The example uses an if-else statement to prevent an existing file from being replaced.
By making the following changes in the example, you can specify different outcomes based on whether a file with a certain name already exists. If such a file doesn't exist, the code creates one. If such a file exists, the code appends data to that file.
•Specify a non-random file name.
// Comment out the following line.
//string fileName = System.IO.Path.GetRandomFileName();
// Replace that line with the following assignment.
string fileName = "MyNewFile.txt";
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
•Replace the if-else statement with the using statement in the following code.
using (System.IO.FileStream fs = new System.IO.FileStream(pathString, FileMode.Append))
{
for (byte i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
fs.WriteByte(i);
}
}
Copy File or Folder:
public class SimpleFileCopy
{
static void Main()
{
string fileName = "test.txt";
string sourcePath = @"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder";
string targetPath = @"C:\Users\Public\TestFolder\SubDir";
// Use Path class to manipulate file and directory paths.
string sourceFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(sourcePath, fileName);
string destFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(targetPath, fileName);
// To copy a folder's contents to a new location:
// Create a new target folder, if necessary.
if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(targetPath))
{
System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(targetPath);
}
// To copy a file to another location and
// overwrite the destination file if it already exists.
System.IO.File.Copy(sourceFile, destFile, true);
// To copy all the files in one directory to another directory.
// Get the files in the source folder. (To recursively iterate through
// all subfolders under the current directory, see
// "How to: Iterate Through a Directory Tree.")
// Note: Check for target path was performed previously
// in this code example.
if (System.IO.Directory.Exists(sourcePath))
{
string[] files = System.IO.Directory.GetFiles(sourcePath);
// Copy the files and overwrite destination files if they already exist.
foreach (string s in files)
{
// Use static Path methods to extract only the file name from the path.
fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(s);
destFile = System.IO.Path.Combine(targetPath, fileName);
System.IO.File.Copy(s, destFile, true);
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Source path does not exist!");
}
// Keep console window open in debug mode.
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
Move file or Folder:
public class SimpleFileMove
{
static void Main()
{
string sourceFile = @"C:\Users\Public\public\test.txt";
string destinationFile = @"C:\Users\Public\private\test.txt";
// To move a file or folder to a new location:
System.IO.File.Move(sourceFile, destinationFile);
// To move an entire directory. To programmatically modify or combine
// path strings, use the System.IO.Path class.
System.IO.Directory.Move(@"C:\Users\Public\public\test\", @"C:\Users\Public\private");
}
}
Delete File or Folder:
public class SimpleFileDelete
{
static void Main()
{
// Delete a file by using File class static method...
if(System.IO.File.Exists(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test.txt"))
{
// Use a try block to catch IOExceptions, to
// handle the case of the file already being
// opened by another process.
try
{
System.IO.File.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test.txt");
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
return;
}
}
// ...or by using FileInfo instance method.
System.IO.FileInfo fi = new System.IO.FileInfo(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest\test2.txt");
try
{
fi.Delete();
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
// Delete a directory. Must be writable or empty.
try
{
System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest");
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
// Delete a directory and all subdirectories with Directory static method...
if(System.IO.Directory.Exists(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest"))
{
try
{
System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"C:\Users\Public\DeleteTest", true);
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
// ...or with DirectoryInfo instance method.
System.IO.DirectoryInfo di = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(@"C:\Users\Public\public");
// Delete this dir and all subdirs.
try
{
di.Delete(true);
}
catch (System.IO.IOException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
}
By Hafiz Muhammad Umar Hayat
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